IT治理重在事前控制
北京信息空间文化经济研究院首席顾问苏彤老师在去年的中国公司治理暨IT治理年会上讲过这样一个故事。
魏文王问名医扁鹊说：“你们家兄弟三人，都精于医术，到底哪一位医术最好呢?”
扁鹊回答说：“大哥最好，二哥次之，我最差。”
文王再问：“那么为什么你最出名呢?”
扁鹊答说：“我大哥治病，是治病于病情发作之前。由于一般人不知道他事先能铲除病因，所以他的名气无法传出去，只有我们家里的人才知道。我二哥治病，是治病于病情刚刚发作之时。一般人以为他只能治轻微的小病，所以他只在我们的村子里才小有名气。而我扁鹊治病，是治病于病情严重之时。一般人看见的都是我在经脉上穿针管来放血、在皮肤上敷药等大手术，所以他们以为我的医术最高明，因此名气响遍全国。”
“这个为人熟知的故事讲了一个很浅显的道理——事后控制不如事中控制，事中控制不如事前控制。可惜大多数的事业经营者均未能体会到这一点，等到错误的决策造成了重大的损失才寻求弥补。弥补得好，当然是声名鹊起，但更多的时候是亡羊补牢，为时已晚。”苏彤评论说，“这正是IT治理意味深长的地方!”
根据美国IT治理协会的定义，IT治理是“一种引导和控制企业各种关系和流程的结构，这种结构安排旨在通过平衡信息技术及其流程中的风险和收益，增加价值以实现企业目标。”中国IT治理研究中心在综合研究的基础上提出如下定义：IT治理用于描述企业或政府是否采用有效的机制(就是为鼓励IT应用的期望行为而明确决策权归属和责任承担的框架)，使得IT的应用能够完成组织赋予它的使命，同时平衡信息技术与过程的风险、确保实现组织的战略目标。 “治理和管理的区别就在于：治理是决定由谁来进行决策，管理则是制定和执行这些决策。”孙强说，“这是一个硬币的两面，谁也不能脱离谁而存在。”IT管理是公司的信息及信息系统的运营，确定IT目标以及实现此目标所采取的行动;而IT治理是指最高管理层(董事会)利用它来监督管理层在IT战略上的过程、结果和联系，以确保这种运营处于正确的轨道之上。
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